Vocabulary

Having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something

I feel ambivalent about moving to a new city – excited but also nervous.

Based on random choice rather than reason or system

The teacher's grading seemed arbitrary because similar answers got different scores.

Very interesting or convincing; forcing attention

The documentary presented compelling evidence about climate change.

Heavy, awkward, or difficult to handle or deal with

The old computer was too cumbersome to carry around easily.

Able to be seen, heard, or noticed clearly

There was a discernible improvement in his English after three months.

Detailed, complex, or carefully planned

The wedding had elaborate decorations with flowers and candles everywhere.

Inspiring fear or respect through being impressive or powerful

The math exam was formidable, but she studied hard and passed.

Done without purpose or by mistake; accidental

His inadvertent comment hurt her feelings, though he didn't mean to.

Existing as a natural or basic part of something

There are inherent risks in any business investment.

Very detailed and complicated in design or structure

The intricate pattern on the carpet was beautiful but difficult to clean.

Very careful and precise about details

She was meticulous about keeping her desk organized and clean.

A subtle difference in meaning, expression, or response

Learning the nuances of English humor takes time for foreign students.

Seeming reasonable or likely to be true

His excuse for being late sounded plausible, so the teacher accepted it.

Practical and realistic rather than idealistic

She made a pragmatic decision to study business instead of art.

Common or widespread in a particular area or time

Smartphones are prevalent among teenagers in most countries today.

Very deep, intense, or having great meaning

The book had a profound effect on how I think about life.

Able to recover quickly from difficulties or challenges

Children are often more resilient than adults when facing changes.

Done without planning or happening naturally

Our spontaneous trip to the beach was the best part of the vacation.

Brief and clearly expressed; using few words

The teacher gave a succinct explanation of the grammar rule.

Able to be used for many different purposes or adapt to different situations

A smartphone is a versatile device that can replace many other tools.