Vocabulary
Noun

agility

/əˈdʒɪl.ɪ.ti/

The ability to move your body quickly and easily in different directions

The gymnast's agility allowed her to change direction smoothly during her routine.

Noun

atrophy

/ˈæt.rə.fi/

The process where a muscle becomes weaker and smaller because it has not been used for a long time

After six weeks in a cast, he noticed muscle atrophy in his injured leg.

Noun

calisthenics

/ˌkæl.ɪsˈθɛn.ɪks/

A form of exercise using only your body weight, such as push-ups, sit-ups, and squats, to build strength and fitness

She does calisthenics every morning because she does not need any equipment.

Noun

cardio

/ˈkɑːr.di.oʊ/

Exercise that makes your heart and lungs work harder and increases blood circulation, such as running, cycling, or swimming

Her doctor recommended doing at least thirty minutes of cardio three times a week to improve her heart health.

Noun

conditioning

/kənˈdɪʃ.ən.ɪŋ/

A type of training that improves the overall fitness, strength, and physical ability of the body

The football team spent the summer on conditioning exercises to prepare for the new season.

Noun

endurance

/ɪnˈdjʊər.əns/

The ability to continue doing something difficult or painful for a long period of time

Running a marathon requires a great deal of endurance and mental strength.

Noun

exertion

/ɪɡˈzɜːr.ʃən/

The use of a lot of physical or mental energy to do something

After the long uphill hike, everyone was breathing heavily from the exertion.

Noun

exhaustion

/ɪɡˈzɔːs.tʃən/

A state of extreme tiredness when you have used up all of your energy

She collapsed on the sofa from exhaustion after completing her first triathlon.

Noun

hypertrophy

/haɪˈpɜːr.trə.fi/

The increase in size of a muscle or organ due to regular exercise or use

After months of weight training, he noticed significant hypertrophy in his arm muscles.

Noun

ligament

/ˈlɪɡ.ə.mənt/

A tough band of tissue in the body that connects bones to each other at a joint

The soccer player sprained his knee and damaged a ligament during the match.

Noun

metabolism

/məˈtæb.ə.lɪ.z əm/

The chemical processes in your body that convert food into energy

Regular exercise can help speed up your metabolism so your body burns calories faster.

Noun

overtraining

/ˌoʊ.vərˈtreɪ.nɪŋ/

A condition where a person exercises too much without enough rest, causing tiredness and poor performance

The doctor told the athlete that her constant injuries were a sign of overtraining.

Noun

plyometrics

/ˌplaɪ.əˈmɛt.rɪks/

A type of exercise that involves fast, powerful jumping and explosive movements to build strength and speed

The basketball coach added plyometrics to the team's training to help them jump higher.

Noun

posture

/ˈpɒs.tʃər/

The position in which you hold your body when standing, sitting, or moving

The teacher reminded the students to sit up straight and maintain good posture at their desks.

Noun

regimen

/ˈrɛdʒ.ɪ.mən/

A planned and regular set of activities, exercises, or rules designed to improve your health or achieve a goal

Her fitness regimen includes running on Mondays, swimming on Wednesdays, and yoga on Fridays.

Noun

rehabilitation

/ˌriː.həˌbɪl.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

The process of helping someone recover their health, strength, or abilities after an injury or illness

After his knee surgery, the player went through months of rehabilitation before he could play again.

Noun

sinew

/ˈsɪn.juː/

A tendon, or the strong fibrous tissue that connects muscles to bones in the body

The ancient bow was strung with sinew, making it both flexible and strong.

Noun

stamina

/ˈstæm.ɪ.nə/

The physical or mental energy that allows you to keep doing something for a long time without getting tired

Swimming regularly helped her build the stamina she needed to compete in long races.

Noun

strain

/streɪn/

An injury caused by stretching or using a muscle too hard

He got a muscle strain in his back after lifting the heavy boxes incorrectly.

Noun

tendon

/ˈtɛn.dən/

A strong cord of tissue in the body that connects a muscle to a bone

She could not walk properly because she had torn a tendon in her ankle.

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