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Part 4
Listen and answer questions 1 – 10.
Write NO MORE THAN ONE WORD for each answer.
Complete the notes below.

How Artificial Light Affects Wildlife

Background
  • Light pollution is growing by about percent every year.
  • Animals developed their behaviour around natural cycles of light and .
Sea Turtles
  • Baby turtles normally move toward the brightest part of the to find the sea.
  • On beaches where artificial light was reduced, turtle survival rates improved by almost percent.
Birds
  • Many bird species use the to navigate during night migration.
  • In cities like Chicago, building managers agreed to switch off lights between midnight and .
Insects and Bats
  • The behaviour of flying toward light is called .
  • Near street lamps, insect numbers were up to percent lower than in darker areas.
Plants
  • Light pollution can stop plants from being in with the insects that pollinate them.
Solutions
  • Using warmer colours such as amber or tones is less harmful to most wildlife.